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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
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Results for date rape
13 results foundAuthor: Fry, Deborah A. Title: Partners and Peers: Sexual and Dating Violence Among NYC Youth Summary: This report examines the prevalence and nature of sexual and dating violence in New York City area schools, including information on perpetration of sexual and dating violence, disclosure of violence, the degree of association with exposure to community violence and the degree of mutual participation in partner violence with the aim of developing effective intervention and prevention programs for youth. Details: New York: New York City Alliance Against Sexual Assault, 2008. 106p. Source: Year: 2008 Country: United States URL: Shelf Number: 117569 Keywords: Date RapeDating Violence (New York City)Sexual Abuse (New York City)Sexual Assault (New York City) |
Author: Mediterranean Institute of Gender Studies Title: Date Rape Cases Among Young Women: Strategies for Support and Prevention Summary: This report investigates the incidence of data rape among young women in five European countries including Cyprus, Greece, Latvia, Malta and Lithuania. The study investigates the incidence of data rape among female students in each participating country; explores the attitudes and experiences of female students regarding date rape; and develops recommendations, policies and strategies for victim support and the prevention of sexual violence and date rape. Details: Nicosia, Cyprus: University of Nicosia Press, 2008. 55p. Source: Year: 2008 Country: Europe URL: Shelf Number: 118535 Keywords: Date RapeRapeSexual AssaultSexual ViolenceVictim Services |
Author: Cissner, Amanda B. Title: Evaluating the Mentors in Violence Prevention Program: Preventing Gender Violence on a College Campus Summary: This report presents findings from a two-year evaluation of a gender violence prevention program known as Mentors in Violence Prevention (MVP). The program was developed in 1993 at Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts and, in an earlier evaluation, was found to produce significant positive changes in attitudes and predicted behaviors among high school age youth. The program is based on a peer leadership model, targeting not only potential perpetrators and victims, but also seeking to empower those who might otherwise be passive bystanders to potentially violent situations. The program relies on adult staff to train youth participants (“Peer Educators”), who in turn facilitate workshops attended by larger numbers of their peers (“Workshop Participants”). This study, which was funded by the U.S. Department of Education, examines the replication of the MVP program with college fraternity and sorority members at Syracuse University. Accordingly, this study seeks to document whether the program is effective when implemented by individuals other than the original Boston-based staff, as well as whether the program can be effectively adapted for a college age population. The study includes both process and impact evaluations. The former is based on a combination of planning meeting and training session observations; interviews with program staff; and participant focus groups. The impact evaluation utilizes a quasi-experimental, pre-test/post-test survey design to measure change in the attitudes and predicted behaviors of 424 program participants, including 103 Peer Educators and 321 Workshop Participants. In addition, 396 surveys were completed by a comparison group, composed of Syracuse University fraternity and sorority members who did not participate in the program. Data provided by Syracuse University was used to estimate program impact on official reports of violence. The impact evaluation was designed to test five hypotheses: 1. Students will have less sexist attitudes after completing the MVP program. 2. Students will have an increased sense of self-efficacy—a sense that they can act to prevent gender violence—after completing the MVP program. 3. Students will attribute less sexist attitudes to their peers after completing the MVP program. 4. The impact of the MVP curriculum will be greater among Peer Educators, who receive a more intensive version of the curriculum, than among Workshop Participants. 5. Due to the limited population targeted by the MVP program, no impact is anticipated on the overall incidence of reported violence on the Syracuse University campus. Details: New York: Center for Court Innovation, 2009. 78p. Source: Internet Resource; Accessed August 10, 2010 at http://www.courtinnovation.org/_uploads/documents/MVP_evaluation.pdf Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: http://www.courtinnovation.org/_uploads/documents/MVP_evaluation.pdf Shelf Number: 119587 Keywords: Campus CrimeCrime PreventionDate RapeDating ViolenceGender ViolenceMentoringSexual Assault, College CampusesViolence Against WomenViolent Crime |
Author: Harrell, Margaret C. Title: A Compendium of Sexual Assault Research Summary: This volume summarizes recent studies on sexual assault that are deemed useful and relevant to the U.S. Department of Defense and other policymakers interested in sexual assault issues. Entries include a brief overview of the prevalence and effects of sexual assault, and of important events and laws pertaining to sexual assault in both the civilian and military sectors. The compendium's annotated bibliography includes summaries of more than 450 studies of sexual assault. Details: Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2009. 319p. Source: Internet Resource; Accessed August 14, 2010 at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2009/RAND_TR617.pdf Year: 2009 Country: United States URL: http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2009/RAND_TR617.pdf Shelf Number: 117555 Keywords: Date RapeRapeSex OffendersSex OffensesSexual AbuseSexual AssaultSexual HarassmentSexual Violence |
Author: Coy, Maddy Title: Boys Think Girls Are Toys?: An Evaluation of the NIA Project Prevention Programme on Sexual Exploitation. Final Report Summary: This report presents an evaluation of a prevention programme focussing on sexual exploitation for both young people and professionals. The programme was delivered across London by the nia project, in partnership with the Children's Society from September 2007 to December 2010, with three broad aims: - To increase the number of young people at risk of being abused through sexual exploitation accessing appropriate support; - To increase the number of professionals that are able to identify young people at risk of sexual exploitation and take appropriate action; - To increase the number of agencies aware of the issue and able to address it. Recommendations from the evaluation include: the integration of sexual exploitation prevention work in schools/youth settings, and training for a range of professionals, commissioned by Local Safeguarding Children Boards and delivered by specialised organisations. Details: London: Child and Woman Abuse Studies Unit, London Metropolitan University, 2011. 45p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 20, 2011 at: http://www.cwasu.org/ Year: 2011 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.cwasu.org/ Shelf Number: 122791 Keywords: Date RapeSex OffensesSexual Exploitation (U.K.)Violence Against Women |
Author: Kelly, Liz Title: A Missing Link? An Exploratory Study of the Connections Between Non-Consensual Sex and Teenage Pregnancy Summary: Teenage pregnancy has been a policy priority traversing health, education and crime agendas at national and local levels for a decade. In 1999 a twin track strategy for England and Wales was introduced that aimed to halve teenage conception rates among under 18s by 2010, whilst simultaneously reducing social exclusion among teenage parents (SEU, 1999). Although the 1999 strategy identifies sexual abuse as a risk factor for teenage conception, this link is not evident in annual reports and evaluations of the strategy. Moreover, whether or not teenage pregnancies are a result of non-consensual sex has yet to be specifically addressed in the substantial UK evidence base on risk factors, conducive contexts, interventions and outcomes. That said, international research findings demonstrate connections between sexual abuse, coercion and intimate partner violence and teenage conception rates. The potential links are reiterated in the public consultation on the Teenage Pregnancy Strategy (DCSF, 2010) 2010 and Beyond and the NHS Taskforce on Violence against Women and Children refers to teenage pregnancy as one of many impacts of abuse. This report presents findings from the first contemporary UK study to focus on this association. Details: London: London Metropolitan University, Child & Woman Abuse Studies Unit, 2010. 72p. Source: Internet Resource: http://www.cwasu.org/publication_display.asp?pageid=PAPERS&type=1&pagekey=44&year=2010 Year: 2010 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.cwasu.org/publication_display.asp?pageid=PAPERS&type=1&pagekey=44&year=2010 Shelf Number: 123153 Keywords: Date RapeIntimate Partner ViolenceRapeSexual Abuse (U.K.)Teenage Pregnancy |
Author: Bouffard, Leana A. Title: Texas School Districts' Implementation of Teen Dating Violence Legislation Summary: In March of 2003, 15‐year old Ortralla Mosley was stabbed to death by her ex‐boyfriend in the hallway of her high school in Austin, Texas. This was the irst on‐campus homicide in the state that was linked to dating violence. The intense scrutiny following this incident and the activism of Ortralla’s mother and others highlighted the issue of teen dating violence (TDV), especially with regard to behaviors that occur at school and the response of school administrators. In 2007, Texas became the irst state to pass a law requiring school districts to adopt and implement a dating violence policy (HB 121). According to section 37.0831 of the Texas Education Code, each school district is required to develop and implement a dating violence policy that must: (1) “include a deinition of dating violence that includes the intentional use of physical, sexual, verbal, or emotional abuse by a person to harm, threaten, intimidate, or control another person in a dating relationship” and (2) “address safety planning, enforcement of protective orders, school‐based alternatives to protective orders, training for teachers and administrators, counseling for affected students, and awareness education for students and parents.” In response to this legislation, a number of state and local victim service agencies mobilized to support school districts in their efforts to respond to this new law, producing a model policy, guides to implementation, sample protocols for dealing with incidents, and training and education. Since this law passed ive years ago, however, very little systematic attention has been paid to how school districts have developed and implemented dating violence policies in connection with the legislation. This report presents results from the irst empirical assessment of the extent to which Texas school districts have implemented the legislatively mandated teen dating violence policy. The full study will be published in an upcoming issue of the journal, Criminal Justice Policy Review. Sample The purpose of this study was to examine how Texas school districts have addressed teen dating violence in their policies. There are over 200 school districts located throughout the 20 Education Service Center (ESC) regions in Texas. In his study we included only Independent/Common school districts (i.e., traditional public schools, N = 1,034) with overall student enrollment greater than 25,000. For those regions that did not have districts with 25,000 or more student enrollments, the two districts with the largest student enrollments within that region were selected. In total, 72 Texas public school districts that serve K‐12 students were selected. For each of the selected school districts, publicly available documents (i.e., student/parent handbooks, student codes of conduct) were obtained from the district website. These documents were examined to assess the extent to which (1) districts implemented the TDV policy, (2) consequences are outlined for offending students, (3) rights for victims are presented, and (4) the policies are easily accessible. Details: Huntsville, TX: Crime Victims' Institute, Criminal Justice Center, Sam Houston State University, 2013. 4p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 5, 2013 at: http://dev.cjcenter.org/_files/cvi/TDVforWeb.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: http://dev.cjcenter.org/_files/cvi/TDVforWeb.pdf Shelf Number: 128280 Keywords: Date RapeIntimate Partner ViolenceTeen Dating Violence (Texas) |
Author: DePrince, Anne P. Title: Preventing Revictimization in Teen Dating Relationships Summary: Revictimization refers to the occurrence of two or more instances of violence and poses an enormous criminal justice problem. Adolescent girls in the child welfare system are at high risk of revictimization in adolescence. Most interventions with teens have focused on primary prevention (that is, prevention in teens not previously exposed to violence) of physical (usually not sexual) violence. In addition, interventions have frequently targeted youth in school settings, though youth in the child welfare system experience frequent transitions in housing/care that disrupt regular attendance at a single school. Thus, child welfare youth at high risk of revictimization may not receive prevention programming as consistently as their peers. Thus, the current study compared two active interventions designed to decrease revictimization in a diverse sample of adolescent girls in the child welfare system. The interventions targeted theoretically distinct risk factors for revictimization. The social learning/feminist (SL/F) intervention focused on concepts derived from social learning and feminist models of risk, such as sexism and beliefs about relationships. The risk detection/executive function (RD/EF) intervention focused on potential disruptions in the ability to detect and respond to risky situations/people due to problems in executive function. We enrolled 180 adolescent girls involved in the child welfare system. Participants were assessed four times: pre-, immediately post-, 2-months, and 6-months after the intervention ended. Assessment procedures included a comprehensive battery of self-report and behavioral tasks designed to assess the processes implicated by the two revictimization intervention approaches. We examined revictimization (the presence/absences of sexual or physical assault in any relationship) as well as a range of aggressive conflict tactics in current dating relationships. Participants were randomized to complete the RD/EF (n=67) or SL/F intervention (n=67). A group of youth (n=42) emerged who engaged in the research assessments and not the interventions. This offered an opportunity for a post-hoc, nonrandomized comparison group. Teens in the three conditions (RD/EF, SL/F, assessment only) were comparable in terms of demographic variables examined. Adolescent girls in the RD/EF condition were nearly 5 times more likely to not report sexual revictimization over the course of the study period compared to girls in the assessment-only group. A trend suggested that girls who participated in the SL/F intervention were 2.5 times more likely to not report sexual revictimization relative to the comparison group. For physical revictimization, the odds of not being physically revictimized were 3 times greater in the SL/F condition and 2 times greater in the RD/EF condition compared to the assessment-only group. The active interventions did not differ from one another in rates of revictimization, suggesting that practitioners have at least two viable options for curricula to engage youth around revictimization prevention. Further, the groups did not differ in attendance. Adolescents attended an average of nearly 70% of sessions, suggesting both interventions were acceptable to youth. We also examined adolescent girls' ratings of physical, emotional, and sexual conflict tactics in dating relationships using a continuous measure of aggression. Across time, adolescents reported significant decreases in their own and their partners' aggressive conflict tactics; the groups did not differ from one another. As part of demonstrating that high-risk youth can be successfully engaged outside of school-based programs, we also examined participants' responses to taking part in violence-focused interviews. Drawing on systematic assessments of participants' responses to the research interviews, adolescents reported that the benefits of violence-focused interviews outweighed the costs. As evidence increasingly points to the need to screen for and address trauma as part of providing effective mental and physical healthcare, this study has implications for thinking about assessing violence exposure as a routine part of practice. Details: Final Report to the U.S. Department of Justice, 2013. 61p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 20, 2014 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244086.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/244086.pdf Shelf Number: 131994 Keywords: AdolescentsDate RapeDating ViolenceRevictimizationSexual Violence |
Author: Johnson, Holly Title: Building Prevention: Sexual Violence, Youth and Drinking Summary: This report is the outcome of an Ottawa-based study that explores the connections between sexual violence and drinking among young people. Along with a review of programs aiming to reduce alcohol-related sexual violence, this study profiles some Ottawa-based prevention programs, and presents the results of focus group discussions with local service providers, youth workers, and young women and men recruited from high schools and universities. The objective of this project is to stimulate broader discussion about prevention strategies for the Ottawa community. Effective sexual violence prevention requires an understanding of the context in which it is most likely to occur. Young women experience the highest rates of sexual violence and young men are most often the perpetrators. Most sexual violence takes place between people who know each other, typically in the context of social events such as parties and bars or in dating situations. Alcohol is so common in sexual violence that it is considered by many to be the "date rape drug". A study of women using sexual assault treatment centres in Ontario found that two-thirds had consumed alcohol immediately prior to the assault and 21% (25% in Ottawa) were thought to have been drugged (Du Mont et al., 2009). In fact, alcohol is often used as a deliberate strategy to increase the vulnerability of victims and to reduce resistance to sexual violence. Very often young men receive approval from friends to use these tactics. In one study in the United States, one-third of male university students said their friends approve of getting a woman drunk to have sex with her (Carr & Van Deusen, 2004). When alcohol is involved, a societal double standard arises. Intoxicated women are held responsible for their own victimization whereas intoxication is considered to reduce the responsibility of male perpetrators. Thus, although alcohol is not a direct cause of sexual violence, alcohol adds a particular complexity to the topic of sexual violence prevention. Details: Ottawa: Crime Prevention Ottawa, 2011. 67p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed April 23, 2014 at: http://www.crimepreventionottawa.ca/uploads/files/publications/bullding_prevention_final_report.pdf Year: 2011 Country: Canada URL: http://www.crimepreventionottawa.ca/uploads/files/publications/bullding_prevention_final_report.pdf Shelf Number: 132152 Keywords: Alcohol Related Crime, DisorderDate RapeSexual AssaultSexual Violence |
Author: White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault Title: Not Alone: The First Report of the White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault Summary: One in five women is sexually assaulted in college. Most often, it's by someone she knows - and also most often, she does not report what happened. Many survivors are left feeling isolated, ashamed or to blame. Although it happens less often, men, too, are victims of these crimes. The President created the Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault to turn this tide. As the name of our new website - NotAlone.gov - indicates, we are here to tell sexual assault survivors that they are not alone. And we're also here to help schools live up to their obligation to protect students from sexual violence. Over the last three months, we have had a national conversation with thousands of people who care about this issue. Today, we offer our first set of action steps and recommendations. Details: Washington, DC: White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault, 2014. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 3, 2014 at: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/report_0.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/report_0.pdf Shelf Number: 132216 Keywords: Campus CrimesDate RapeSchool CrimesSexual AssaultSexual Violence |
Author: Williams, Damien J. Title: Mentors in Violence Prevention: Evaluation of the pilot in Scottish High Schools Summary: This report outlines evaluation findings of the pilot implementation of the Mentors in Violence Prevention programme (MVP) delivered in three Scottish high schools during the 2012-13 school year: Port Glasgow and St Stephen's High Schools in Inverclyde, and Portobello High School in Edinburgh. The project utilised a mixed methods approach to undertake a process and outcome evaluation to examine the effectiveness and acceptability of MVP from the perspective of staff, mentors, and mentees. The three primary research questions were: 1. What are pupils' attitudes towards gender violence? 2. Is the MVP programme effective at shifting these attitudes, and encouraging non-violent intervention? 3. How can the programme become more effective? Details: St. Andrews, Fife, UK: University of St. Andrews, 2013. 75p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 10, 2014 at: http://www.actiononviolence.com/sites/default/files/FINAL%20MVP%20EVALUATION%20REPORT.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United Kingdom URL: http://www.actiononviolence.com/sites/default/files/FINAL%20MVP%20EVALUATION%20REPORT.pdf Shelf Number: 75 Keywords: Crime PreventionDate RapeDating ViolenceGender ViolenceMentoringViolence Against Women |
Author: Reppucci, N. Dickon Title: A Review of the Findings from Project D.A.T.E.: Risky Relationships and Teen Dating Violence Among At-Risk Adolescents Summary: Statement of Purpose: Teen dating violence is linked to numerous longstanding consequences, such as delinquency, risky sexual behavior, and adult partner violence. Thus, research exploring adolescents' trajectories into and out of violent relationships is important for developing effective prevention and intervention programs to promote healthy teen relationships. Prior research has generally been restricted to normative, school-based samples that may not capture the unique experiences of youth who are already most likely to experience negative relationship outcomes. The purpose of Project D.A.T.E. (Demand Appreciation, Trust, and Equality) was to address gaps in current research by focusing on romantic relationship experiences among at-risk adolescents. Goals and Objectives: We investigated risk and protective factors related to teen dating violence and positive relationship outcomes within a single relationship and across multiple relationships. We also explored how early abusive relationships impact trajectories into later abusive relationships, and how age gaps between romantic partners might contribute to victimization and other negative outcomes. Participants. Participants included 223 adolescents (58% female, 61% African-American) who (1) were between 13 and 18 years old, (2) answered yes to "Have you ever 'dated someone' or been in a romantic relationship that lasted at least 1 month?", and (3) received community-based services (e.g., foster care, alternative schooling) or low-income services (e.g., free or reduced lunch, low-income housing). Methods. Participants completed two waves of two-hour, in-person, self-report interviews that took place about a year apart. In each interview, participants answered questions about socio-demographics, family, and schooling. Most of the interview, however, addressed issues of abuse, intimacy, and health within up to three romantic relationships (thus, up to six relationships total across two waves of data collection). We used assessments shown to be valid and reliable for adolescents. Results: Teens in our at-risk sample reported high levels of dating abuse, risky sexual behavior, and deviance within their romantic relationships. Abuse victimization and perpetration were highly correlated, with patterns largely the same for boys and girls, suggesting reciprocal or "common couple" violence rather than one-sided intimate terrorism. Risk factors for dating violence were similar whether considering single or multiple relationships. However, dynamic risk factors (e.g., depression, peer delinquency) appeared to be more powerful than historical factors (e.g., sexual debut, child maltreatment). Relationship-specific risk factors like dyadic deviancy and intimacy related significantly to dating violence, indicating that teens may view abusive relationships as serious and committed. In addition, dating abuse by partners and toward partners was relatively stable across time. For most teens, experiencing abuse in their first ever romantic relationship placed them at great risk for a trajectory of future abuse. Finally, age gaps between partners were related to negative outcomes regardless of the younger partner's age or gender. This link between partner age gaps and poor outcomes was best explained by older and younger partners’ risky lifestyles, not power inequalities within the relationship. Conclusions: Low-income, service-receiving adolescents showed high rates of abuse in their earliest relationships, and then continued to be significantly at risk for abuse in subsequent relationships—despite describing these relationships as positive in many ways. Thus, there is a clear need for prevention and intervention efforts targeting such at-risk youth that focus more on relationship quality than simply the presence or absence of abuse. Initial Project D.A.T.E. results suggest that future research needs to investigate the context of teen dating violence (events before and after, whether a partner was frightened, etc.) to understand how youth perceive these relationships. A nuanced understanding of the context of abuse is crucial since youth are unlikely to seek help if their perceptions of "dating violence" diverge from definitions used by service providers and law enforcement. Details: Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia, 2013. 237p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed December 23, 2016 at: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/243170.pdf Year: 2013 Country: United States URL: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/243170.pdf Shelf Number: 147807 Keywords: At-Risk YouthDate RapeDating ViolenceTeen Dating Violence |
Author: Miller, Laura L. Title: Air Force Sexual Assault Situations, Settings, and Offender Behaviors Summary: To assist Air Force efforts to prevent and respond to sexual assault, this report focuses on providing a better understanding of sexual assaults committed by airmen, including suspect characteristics and behaviors, the suspect's relationship to the victim, victim characteristics, the settings and circumstances of sexual assaults, and behavior and justifications following sexual assaults. To do so, the researchers analyzed investigation and court-martial records from closed cases of convicted and other alleged Air Force sexual assault offenders. The cases included offenders who took advantage of norms of group socializing with alcohol, trust in fellow airmen, and responsible drinking and driving to create situations that facilitate sexual assault. Some victims and suspects were confused about whether certain behaviors constitute sexual assault, such as first attempts to initiate sexual activities with dates or friends, unwanted acts that followed consensual sexual behavior, or actions of highly intoxicated individuals. Notably, although far less common, reported offenders who sexually assaulted their spouses had typically also harmed others, tended to have behavioral and emotional problems, and had previously caught the attention of Air Force authorities. After a sexual assault, offenders may apologize and attempt to persuade the victim or others to forgive them and not report them to authorities. This report concludes by describing how these sexual assault data complement other sources and by providing recommendations related to the themes identified in this analysis. The Case Analysis of Reported Sexual Assault Perpetration by Airmen Highlighted Several Key Themes That Have Implications for Air Force Policies and Programs Victims and suspects showed some confusion about whether certain incidents constituted sexual assault and should thus be reported. Examples include sexual assault that occurs after consensual sexual activities have begun or when previous sexual activities were consensual. Although uncommon, reported offenders who sexually assaulted a spouse or intimate partner were noteworthy for often showing histories of violence or other problematic behaviors. Some offenders later offer apologies or denials or make other attempts to persuade others not to report a sexual assault. Norms of group socializing with alcohol often played a role in perpetration. Some offenders take advantage of those who trust that they can safely get drunk with fellow airmen and share rides or sleeping space afterward to avoid drunk driving. Many offenders were themselves intoxicated at the time of the sexual assault. Sexual assaults by airmen outside the continental United States also typically involved alcohol. The Observed Patterns of Behavior Are Not Unique to Airmen Although offenders who are airmen may take advantage of situations and settings particular to the Air Force, elements of military culture, or their position within the organization, their general patterns of behavior also appear within the literature on sexual assault in other military organizations and, more broadly, in civilian society. Recommendations Develop a strategy for scrutinizing airmen engaged in significant interpersonal conflict and physical aggression to determine when the persistence of such behaviors should lead to removal from service rather than continued counseling or treatment. Address specific types of activities that precede sexual assaults. For example, sponsor fun alternatives to excessive drinking for celebrations more likely to involve alcohol, such as 21st birthdays, New Year's Eve, and Saint Patrick's Day. In sexual assault prevention training, address misconceptions and confusion about what constitutes sexual assault, helping airmen to apply such concepts as "consent" and "harm" to a range of scenarios, including sexual assault within relationships. Also in training, discuss appropriate victim and bystander responses for addressing an offender following an incident and include scenarios in which the offender promises to change, begs for help or forgiveness, blames their behavior on alcohol, or asks to resolve the situation without reporting. Victims should understand that available resources can help them think through these situations. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize the responsibility of bystanders to report an incident and that sexual assault is not an issue they should try to resolve on their own. Coordinate training and information campaigns across key stakeholders such that each references the link between sexual assault, alcohol misuse, and intimate-partner violence. Portray alcohol consumption as not only a risk factor for victimization but also one for perpetration and failed bystander intervention. Also, Air Force Sexual Assault Prevention and Response program metrics should include statistics on intimate-partner sexual assault. Details: Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2018. 120p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 27, 2018 at: https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1589.html Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1589.html Shelf Number: 150933 Keywords: Date RapeDating Violence Military Personnel Rape Sexual Assaults |